You are required to acknowledge where your information has come from, both in the body of the text and in your reference list.
A note about page numbers
References should contain page numbers where direct quotations are used or where the material comes from a particular page or pages of a book or chapter
for example:
in the text of your essay/report: Chidgey (1994, p. 10) asserts that ...
in the list of references at the end of your essay/report: Chidgey, J. (1994) 'A critique of the design process', in Banks, F. (ed.) Teaching Technology, London, Routledge, pp. 89-93.
Single author
in the text of your essay/report: Braverman (1974) argues that ...
in the list of references at the end of your essay/report: Braverman, (1974) Labor and Monopoly Capital: the degradation of work in the twentieth century, London, Monthly Review Press.
Two authors
in the text of your essay/report: Bowles and Gintis (1976) found that
in your references: Bowles, S. and Gintis, H. (1976) Schooling in Capitalist America, London, Routledge and Kegan Paul.
A single author's chapter in an edited collection
in the text of your essay/report: Storrie (1997) argued that ...
in your references: Storrie. T. (1997) 'Citizens or What?', in Roche, J. an Tucker, S. (eds) Youth in Society, London, Sage.
Authors cited by other authors
for example:
in the text it will be: (Vygotsky cited in van Lier, 2000 p-103)
in the list of references: van Lier, L. (2000) 'Constraints and resources in classroom talk: issues of equality and symmetry' in Candlin, C. and Mercer, N. (eds) English Language Teaching in its Social Context, London, Routledge.
Single author
in the text of your essay/report: Pollert (1988) states that ...
in your references: Pollert, A. (1988) 'The "flexible firm": fixation or fact', Work, Employment and Society, 2(3), pp. 281-316. (Note that you should provide: the volume number (in this case 2); the part number, where available; and page numbers.)
The format is:
Author's surname, initial(s), year of publication (in brackets), title of article (in quotation marks), title of journal (in italics), [medium] volume number (in bold), issue number (in brackets), pages. Available from: Name of service (if any), URL of web site [Accessed + date]
for example:
Sommers, R.C. (1997) 'The quilting bee: a research metaphor', The Qualitative Report, on-line journal, 3(4).
Available from: http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR3-4/,sommers.html [Accessed 9 September 1999]
The format is:
Author's surname, initial(s), year of publication (in brackets), title of document (in italics) [online], publisher. Available from: Name of Service (if any), URL of web site [Updated + date, Accessed + date].
for example:
Gilligan, E. (1998) Local heroes [online], Friends of the Earth.
Available from: http://www.foe.co.uk/local/rest.pdf [Accessed 24 November 1998]
Department for Education and Employment (1996) General national vocational qualifications: a brief guide, London, DFEE.
Available from http://www.open.gov.uk/dfee/gnvo/gnvq.htm [Updated 20 March 1996, accessed 25 April 1997]
An alternative form:
BBC (2004). Paypal battles to restore service. Retrieved Nov 03, 2004, from BBC News Web site: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/3738930.stm
This information was taken from: The Open University Project and Assignment Guide 2001, The Open University, Milton Keynes, pp. 9-11.